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The Perils of Pits: further research at Durrington Walls henge (2021–2025)

Vincent Gaffney, Eamonn Baldwin, Robin Allaby, Martin Bates, Richard Bates, Alex Finlay, Christopher Gaffney, Teri Hansford, Timothy Kinnaird, Wolfgang Neubauer, Klaus Löcker, Tom Sparrow, Immo Trinks, Mario Wallner and Eugene Ch'ng

SDF 5: Multispectral Drone Survey

Richard Bates (University of St Andrews) and Tom Sparrow (University of Bradford)

Cite this as: Gaffney, V., Baldwin, E., Allaby, R., Bates, M., Bates, R., Finlay, A., Gaffney, C., Hansford, T., Kinnaird, T., Neubauer, W., Löcker, K., Sparrow, T., Trinks, I., Wallner, M. and Ch’ng, E. 2025 The Perils of Pits: further research at Durrington Walls henge (2021-2025), Internet Archaeology 69. https://doi.org/10.11141/ia.69.19

A Mavic 2pro drone fitted with a Micasense RedEdge MX multispectral camera system was used to acquire images for photogrammetry and spectral analysis over target features 13D and 16D. The RedEdge sensor acquires data at five bands, namely blue, green, red, red edge and near-infrared. Photogrammetry was acquired using the standard camera system with photographs acquired to give 80% overlap between images. A flight height of 40–60m was used to give ground topographic resolution of 3-4cm pixels.

Table 5.1: M/S Drone surveys 2021 summary
ID Type Instrument
13D Drone Micasense RedEdge MX
16D (v) Drone Micasense RedEdge MX

5.1 Anomaly 13D

None of the bands from the M/S surveys showed any manifestation of the anomaly 13D – Figure 5.1, rather they picked out ground disturbance associated with recent, intrusive archaeological investigations (Leivers et al. 2020), which was also evident in the magnetometer and GPR results). Also noted is the possible line of a topsoil feature located in the EM results (but not in the magnetometer or GPR results). This most probably also relates to the archaeological investigations mentioned above.

The effectiveness of the multispectral response was limited by the dry ground conditions and lack of vegetation.

5.2 Anomaly 16D – formerly Anomaly v

None of the bands from the M/S surveys showed any indication of anomaly 16D (formerly v) – see Figure 5.2. The effectiveness of the multispectral response was limited by the dry ground conditions and lack of vegetation.

Figures

Figure 5-1
Figure 5.1: The results of the multispectral imaging over 13D show an approximate east–west trending zone of disturbance arising from recent archaeological excavations (reported by Leivers et al. 2020). However, none of the bands, including the NDVI calculated response, show any patterns associated with the location of target feature 13D. The effectiveness of the multispectral response was limited by the dry ground conditions and lack of vegetation
Figure 5-2
Figure 5.2: Drone-based multispectral images (blue, red, green – upper row; NDVI, NIR and red edge – lower row) depicting a lack of response over target feature 16D (formerly v) due to the insufficient vegetation (infant crop)

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